Thericium minutum ( Naumann, 1852 )

Thericium minutum ( Naumann, 1852) View in CoL

Figs 27L, 54E–H

[ Cerithium View in CoL ] minutum Serr. — Hauer 1837: 419 View in CoL (pars) [nomen nudum].

[ Cerithium View in CoL ] minutum Serres— Hörnes 1848: 21 View in CoL (pars) [nomen nudum].

* Cerithium minutum View in CoL — Naumann 1852: plate captions, pl. 69, fig. 20.

[ Cerithium View in CoL ] minutum Serres— Naumann 1854: 1066 View in CoL .

Cerithium minutum Serr.— Hörnes 1855: 390 View in CoL (pars), pl. 41, fig. 9 [non fig. 8 = Thericium potzleindorfense ( Sacco, 1895) ].

Cerithium Wiesbauri View in CoL n. f. — Handmann 1882: 271.

Cerithium Wiesbauri Handm. — Handmann 1883c: 63 View in CoL .

Cerithium Wiesbauri Handm.— Handmann 1888: 31 View in CoL .

? Cerithium View in CoL Josefinae Bau.— Bauer 1900: 33 , pl. 1, fig. 12.

Cerithium europaeum View in CoL May.— Friedberg 1914: 254, pl. 16, fig. 3 [non Thericium europaeum ( Mayer, 1878a) View in CoL ].

Cerithium (Vulgocerithium) europaeum Mayer, 1878 View in CoL — Strausz 1955: 21, 137, pl. 1, figs 1, 2, 6, 8, 9 [non Thericium europaeum (Mayer, 1878) View in CoL ].

Cerithium (Thericium) europaeum View in CoL May.— Korobkov 1955: plate captions, pl. 25, fig. 18 [non Thericium europaeum (Mayer, 1878) View in CoL ].

Cerithium vulgatum europaeum Mayer— Strausz 1962: 47 (pars), pl. 9, fig. 23 (only) [non Thericium europaeum (Mayer, 1878) View in CoL ].

Cerithium vulgatum europaeum Mayer, 1878 — Strausz 1966: 130 (pars), pl. 9, fig. 23 (only) [non Thericium europaeum (Mayer, 1878) View in CoL ].

Cerithium europaeum Mayer, 1878 View in CoL — Zelinskaya et al. 1968: 154, pl. 38, fig. 7 [non Thericium europaeum (Mayer, 1878) View in CoL ].

Cerithium (Thericium) europaeum Mayer— Atanacković 1969: 196 View in CoL , pl. 8, fig. 18 [non Thericium europaeum (Mayer, 1878) View in CoL ].

Cerithium (Vulgocerithium) europaeum Mayer— Bałuk 1970: 118 View in CoL , pl. 10, fig. 18 [non Thericium europaeum (Mayer, 1878) View in CoL ].

Cerithium (Vulgocerithium) europeum May.— Csepreghy-Meznerics 1972: 21, pl. 3, fig. 22 [non Thericium europaeum (Mayer, 1878) View in CoL ].

Cerithium (Vulgocerithium) europaeum Mayer 1878 View in CoL — Bohn-Havas 1973: 1043, 1107, pl. 4, fig. 10 [non Thericium europaeum (Mayer, 1878) View in CoL ].

Cerithium (Thericium) vulgatum europaeum Mayer— Bałuk 1975: 144 (pars), pl. 17, figs 1–2 (only) [non Thericium europaeum (Mayer, 1878) View in CoL ].

Cerithium (Thericium) europaeum Mayer, 1878 View in CoL — Atanacković 1985: 107, pl. 24, figs 1–3 [non Thericium europaeum (Mayer, 1878) View in CoL ].

Cerithium (Thericium) europaeum Mayer, 1878 View in CoL —Harzhauser 2002: 72, pl. 2, figs 3–4 [non Thericium europaeum (Mayer, 1878) View in CoL ].

Cerithium (Thericium) europaeum Mayer, 1878 View in CoL — Bałuk 2006: 197, pl. 8, figs 8–9 [non Thericium europaeum (Mayer, 1878) View in CoL ].

Cerithium (Vulgocerithium) vulgatum miocaenicum (Vignal, 1910 [sic])— Katona et al. 2011: 8, pl. 1, fig. 2 [non Thericium miocaenicum ( Vignal, 1911) ].

non Cerithium minutum View in CoL —de Serres 1822: 60 [nomen nudum].

non Cerithium minutum View in CoL —Quenstedt 1884: 504, pl. 204, fig. 111 [= Thericium europaeum (Mayer 1878) View in CoL ]

non Cerithium vulgatum europaeum Mayer— Tiţă 2007: 547 , fig. 5f [= Thericium zeuschneri ( Pusch, 1836) ]. Type material. Neotype, NHMW 1846/0037/0357, SL: 30.3 mm, MD: 12.1 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria), Middle Miocene, Badenian, illustrated in Hörnes (1855, pl. 41, fig. 9), Figs 54E 1 –E View FIGURE 1 2 View FIGURE 2 . The illustrations in Naumann (1852) have been provided by Paul Maria Partsch (1791–1856) and Moritz Hörnes, (1815–1868) (see Naumann 1854: 1963 footnote) and were based on material from the Natural History Museum Vienna. The manuscript of Partsch with these illustrations is still preserved and the material was later published by Hörnes (1855). Nevertheless, it is not possible to identify the specimen drawn by Partsch in the collection with certainty. Therefore, we designate the specimen illustrated by Hörnes (1855, pl. 41, fig. 9) as neotype.

Illustrated material. NHMW 2023 View Materials /0040/0004, SL: 29.2 mm, MD: 10.6 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria), Middle Miocene, Badenian, Figs 54F 1 –F View FIGURE 1 2 View FIGURE 2 . NHMW 1869 View Materials /0001/0772, SL: 32.9 mm, MD: 12.8 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria), Figs 54G 1 –G View FIGURE 1 2 View FIGURE 2 . NHMW 2023 View Materials /0040/0005, SL: 38.7 mm, MD: 11.8 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria), Fig. 54H . NHMW 2023 View Materials /0040/0006, SL: 29.0 mm, MD: 11.3 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria), Fig. 27L.

Additional material. 23 spec., NHMW 1860 View Materials /0005/0048, Pöls ( Austria) ; 75 spec., NHMW 1870 View Materials /0053/0037, Forchtenau ( Austria) ; 75 spec., NHMW 1871 View Materials /0010/0371, Steinebrunn ( Austria) ; 19 spec., NHMW 1855 View Materials /0045/0165, Steinebrunn ( Austria) ; 3 spec., NHMW 1866 View Materials /0001/0706, Möllersdorf ( Austria) ; 21 spec., NHMW 1865 View Materials /0035/0070, Szob ( Hungary) ; 2 spec., NHMW 2023 View Materials /0052/0001, Hlohovec (Bischofswart), ( Czechia) ; 11 spec., NHMW 1860 View Materials /0001/0263, Boršov (Porstendorf), ( Czechia) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1855 View Materials /0038/0039, Korytnica ( Poland) .

Revised description. Medium-sized, conical shell of about 13 teleoconch whorls, attaining ~ 30–40 mm in height; apical angle c. 40–44°. Protoconch unknown. Early teleoconch whorls convex with faint mid-whorl angulation and low, rounded, widely spaced axial ribs and varices, crossed by weak spiral threads. On later teleoconch whorls weak subsutural collar with indistinct tubercles; profile weakly concave below subsutural collar, weakly convex below mid-whorl angulation; wide-spaced, slightly pointed, triangular tubercles developed on mid-whorl angulation; spiral cords low, narrow, separated by narrow grooves; axial ribs weaken abapically. On penultimate whorl weak spiral cord bearing indistinct tubercles may occur close above abapical suture. Suture narrowly impressed, shallowly undulating. Last whorl weakly convex, attaining ~45% of total height, moderately constricted into concave neck. Moderately to weakly developed and tubercular peribasal and perifasciolar cord developed, with several weaker cords intercalated over base and fasciole. Aperture wide, ovate. Columella broadly and moderately excavated, smooth. Columellar callus forming broad rim, sharply delimited from base.Anal canal distinctly incised, moderately wide with small parietal denticle. Outer lip weakly thickened, crenulated if not fully grown. Siphonal canal short, moderately narrow, deeply incised, weakly notched, deflected to the left.

Synonyms. Cerithium wiesbauri Handmann, 1882 , Gainfarn ( Austria). The syntypes of Handmann (1882) were stored in the Kollegium Kalksburg in Vienna, a Catholic private school, but seem to be lost. Handmann (1882) emphasized a close relation with Thericium minutum , but distinguished his species based on the broader shell, smaller tubercles and their position close to the abapical suture. In our opinion, this morphology falls well within the range of variability of Thericium minutum , as represented at the Gainfarn locality.

Cerithium View in CoL Josefinae Bauer 1900 from the Badenian of St. Florian ( Austria) might represent a slender specimen of T. minutum View in CoL with prominent sculpture. The holotype was stored in the Universalmuseum Joanneum Graz ( Austria) but seems to be lost.

Discussion. This species was identified as Cerithium minutum de Serres by Hauer (1837), Naumann (1852), Hörnes (1848, 1855) and Quenstedt (1884) but this name was listed by de Serres (1822: 60) as nomen nudum. The first who made the name available was Naumann (1852), a fact which was overlooked by all subsequent authors. Thericium minutum ( Naumann, 1852) was confused by many authors with Thericium europaeum (Mayer, 1878) , which was originally described from the Langhian of the Loire Basin. Mayer (1878a) referred also to two specimens from the Vienna Basin, illustrated by Hörnes (1855: pl. 41, figs 8–9). Of these, fig. 8 is separated herein as Thericium potzleindorfense ( Sacco, 1895) , but also the remaining specimen illustrated by Hörnes (1855: pl. 41, fig. 9) is not conspecific with Thericium europaeum . Thericium europaeum is a stout species with a low spire, prominent, pointed tubercles placed mid-whorl, and a strongly sculptured subsutural cord. Thericium miocenicum ( Vignal, 1911) , from the Early Miocene of France, seems to be closely related, but differs in its narrower aperture, more slender outline and more prominent spiral sculpture on the base (see Vignal 1911: pl. 7, fig. 2; Cossmann & Peyrot 1922: pl. 5, figs 33–34). Thericium potzleindorfense ( Sacco, 1895) differs in its dome-shaped spire, the stockier outline, and the more prominent and regular spiral sculpture.

Kovács et al. (2023: fig. 30) described a single specimen from the early Ottnangian of Hungary as Thericium sp. This species is morphologically close to Thericium minutum but differs in its slender spire and nearly straight-sided whorls. More and better preserved material will be needed to evaluate the status of the Ottnangian species.

Paleoecology. Shallow marine, inner neritic environments (own data M.H.). The occurrence at Szob ( Hungary) suggests shallow sublittoral environments with seagrass ( Dulai 1996).

Distribution. Widespread in the Central Paratethys Sea from the Karpatian (Late Burdigalian) to the late Badenian (Serravallian).

Central Paratethys. Karpatian (Early Miocene): Korneuburg Basin: Kleinebersdorf, Helfens, Hipples ( Austria) (Harzhauser 2002). Badenian (Middle Miocene): Roztocze Hills: Łychów, Węglinek ( Poland) ( Bałuk 1975); Korytnica Basin: Korytnica ( Poland) ( Bałuk 2006); North Alpine-Carpathian Foredeep: Boršov (Porstendorf) ( Czechia), Windpassing ( Austria) ( Sieber 1937, hoc opus); Vienna Basin: Baden, Baden-Sooss, Bad Vöslau, Gainfarn, Möllersdorf, Niederleis, Pfaffstätten, Steinebrunn, Vienna /Pötzleinsdorf ( Austria), Hlohovec, Mikulov ( Czechia) ( Hörnes 1855); Eisenstadt-Sopron Basin: Forchtenau ( Austria); Oberpullendorf Basin: Ritzing ( Austria) ( Janoschek 1931); Styrian Basin: Pöls, St. Florian ( Austria) ( Hörnes 1855); Pannonian Basin: Devecser, Herend, Hidas, Hird, Hont, Mogyoród, Ófalu, Pécsszabolcs, Pécsvárad, Sámsonháza, Szilágy, Szob, Szokolya, Várpalota, ( Hungary) ( Strausz 1955, 1966; Kecskeméti-Körmendy 1962; Bohn-Havas 1973), Hrvaćani, Miljevići ( Bosnia and Herzegovina) ( Atanacković 1985); Bükk Mountains: Borsodbóta ( Hungary) ( Csepreghy-Meznerics 1972).