Tovomita megantha L. Marinho & Amorim

40. Tovomita megantha L. Marinho & Amorim View in CoL in Brittonia 68: 56. 2016. – Holotype: Brazil, Bahia, Itacaré, Estrada Ilhéus / Itacaré , ramal à direita na Trilha da Boa Paz , 25 Jan 2015, L. C. Marinho & al. 961 (CEPEC [ CEPEC00056885 About CEPEC ]!; isotypes:HUEFS [ HUEFS000142635 About HUEFS ]!, HUEFS [ HUEFS000276855 About HUEFS ]!, NY [ NY02859377 ]!, RB [ RB01190973 ]!, RB [ RB01191407 ]!).

Suggested vernacular name — mangue-de-cheiro ( Brazil).

Description — Trees up to 25 m tall, prop roots conspicuous; exudate yellow, abundant. Petioles 1–3 cm long, green or reddish, smooth, lenticels absent. Leaf blades 10.2–17.5 × 2.5–6.4 cm, copper-coloured in sicco, black dots absent, subcoriaceous, elliptic to obovate, base convex to decurrent, apex rounded to straight; papillae, lenticels and fungal spots absent; exudate canals as blackish lines on abaxial surface in sicco, parallel to secondary veins. Venation: secondary veins 8–12 pairs, 7–20 mm apart from each other, forming angle 40°–45° to midvein, slightly prominent adaxially, prominent abaxially, arcuate and connecting near margin; intersecondary veins present, one or two per intercostal area, much thinner than secondary veins, distal course basiflexed but not joining subjacent secondary veins,> 50 % of subjacent secondary length; tertiary veins percurrent sinuous; intramarginal vein absent. Inflorescences: ♂ lax cyme with 3 basal branches, lacking terminal flower, ♀ dichasium, lenticels absent. Pedicels 25–50 mm long, green, distal portion dilated, proximally or in middle articulated in all flowers of dichasia; calyptrae and lenticels absent. Floral buds 12–17 mm long, spheroid, apex rounded, lenticels absent. Sepals 4, 10–14 × 6–15 mm, orbicular to oblong, rounded to acute, green; petals 6–8, 12–18 × 6–9 mm, oblong, reflexed, apex obtuse to acute, pale yellow. Staminate flowers: stamens 60–80, 6–8 mm long, heterodynamous; filaments terete, orangish-yellow; anthers 1–1.5 mm long, orangish, connective not exceeding thecae; pistillode c. 1.5 mm long, yellow. Pistillate flowers: staminodes 60–70, 5–7 mm long, coloration not seen; ovary 7–7.5 mm long, not costate or lobed, 5-locular, coloration not seen, stigmas 5, sessile, c. 2 mm in diam. Capsules fleshy, 3.5–5.5 × 3.3–4.2 cm, 5-septate, ovoid to pyriform when closed, not costate or lobed, rostrum absent, epicarp smooth, green when immature and mature, with corky areas, mesocarp red; sepals, petals and stigmas persistent, staminodes caducous. Aril orange. Fig. 65.

Iconography — Illustration available in Marinho & al. (2016a: 57).

Distribution — Brazil (Bahia). Fig. 62.

Conservation status — Critically Endangered (CR, Marinho & Beech 2019).

Recognition and discussion — Tovomita megantha is sympatric and similar to T. longifolia , a widely distributed species ( Fig. 58). The leaves are similar in size and number of secondary veins, however, the secondary veins in T. megantha form angles of c. 45° with the midvein (vs 65°–75° in T. longifolia ). In addition, T. megantha has lax cymes, with long pedicels (25–50 mm long, Fig. 65B), and flowers with orangish-yellow stamens ( Fig. 65C, D) (vs congested cymes, short pedicels up to 11 mm long, and white stamens in T. longifolia , Fig. 56E).

Specimens examined — BRAZIL: BAHIA: Itacaré, Marambaia, 1 km N and 2.5 km W of junction Marambaia road and road from BR 101 to Itacaré, 14°20'S, 39°05'W, 16 May 1992, fr., W. W GoogleMaps . Thomas & al. 9396 ( NY!); Estrada de Itacaré / Taboquinhas, c. 6 km de Itacaré. Loteamento da Marambaia , 14°18'S, 39°00'W, 14 Dez 1992, fl. ♀, A. M GoogleMaps . Amorim & al. 907 ( CEPEC!, NY!, UEC!); Rodovia Ilhéus / Itacaré, ramal à direita na Trilha da Boa Paz , ramal à esquerda em direção à Pousada dos Anjos , 14°19'54.3"S, 39°01'45"W, 25 Jan 2015, fl. ♀, L. C GoogleMaps . Marinho & al. 962 ( CEPEC!, HUEFS!); 16 Mar 2015, fr .,

A. M. Amorim & al. 9545 (CEPEC!, FLOR!, HUEFS!, INPA!, MBM!, NY!, P!, RB!, SPF!).