Walteriella sanguinea brevemarginata ( Wittmer, 1983 )

Walteriella sanguinea brevemarginata ( Wittmer, 1983)

Figs. 1E View FIGURE 1 , 2C, E, G View FIGURE 2 , 3C, I–K View FIGURE 3 , 4C–D, F View FIGURE 4 , 5I–N View FIGURE 5 , 7C View FIGURE 7 , 8C View FIGURE 8 , 9C View FIGURE 9 , 10 View FIGURE 10

Athemellus sanguineus brevemarginatus Wittmer, 1983: 169 .

Lycocerus sanguineus brevemarginatus : Kazantsev & Brancucci 2007: 253.

Walteriella sanguinea brevemarginata : Okushima 2008: 293.

Type material examined. Holotype ( Fig. 3C View FIGURE 3 ): ♀: “ Taiwan 1977. 23. 4 / J. & S. Klapperich // Fenchihu / 1400m // 144 // HOLOTYPUS // Athemellus / sanguineus / brevemarginatus Wittm. / det. W. Wittmer // Naturhistorisches / Museum Basel / Coll. W. Wittmer // CANTHARIDAE / CANTH00002910” ( NHMB).

Additional material examined. CHIAYI COUNTY: 1 ♂, Arishan [=Alishan], 29.IV.1917, T. Shiraki leg. ( TARI) . HUALIEN COUNTY: 1 ♀, Pilu , 25.V.1999, J. Lai leg. ( KURA) ; 1 ♀, Tsukeshan [=Chike Mountain], 9.III.2016, Y.-M. Hsu leg. ( YHC) . NANTOU COUNTY: 1 ♂, Nanshanchi [=Nanshan Creek, Renai], 31.III.1978, S.-C. Hung leg. ( NTUE) ; 1 ♂, same locality, 19.III.1983, Y. Kusakabe leg. ( KURA) ; 1 ♀, same locality, 30.IV.1983, M. Hasegawa leg. ( KURA) ; 1 ♀, Sungkang , 24.V.1988, C.-C. Lo leg. ( NMNS: NMNS ENT 4463-1037 View Materials ) ; 1 ♀, Nanshanchi [=Nanshan Creek, Renai], 8.IV.1991, Y. Okushima leg. ( KURA) ; 1 ♀, Hohuanchi [=Hehuan Creek, Renai], 30.IV.1994, T. Kishimoto & T. Shimizu leg. ( KURA) ; 1 ♂, Sungkang , 28.IV.1996, C. Lou leg. ( KURA) ; 1 ♀, Lushan , 2.V.1996, C. Lou leg. ( KURA) ; 1 ♂, Piluchi [=Pilu Creek, Renai], 7–15.V.1997, Malaise Trap, M.-M. Yang leg. ( NMNS: NMNS ENT 2708-128 View Materials ) ; 1 ♂, Chunyang , 7.III.–13.IV.2006, Malaise Trap ( KCN) , C.-S. Lin & W.-T. Yang leg. ( NMNS: NMNS ENT 7299-88 View Materials ) ; 1 ♀, Sungkang , 21.IV.2014, P.-H. Huang ( YHC) . NEW TAIPEI CITY: 1 ♀, Wulai , 5.IV.1981, C.-S. Chen leg. ( NTUE) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Fushan , 26.II.1999, M.-S. Lin leg. ( NTUE) ; 1 ♀, Wulai , 18.V.1999, K.-L. Hsu leg. ( NTUE) ; 2 ♀, Dadaoshan Forest Road, Wulai , 7.IV.2025, M. Geiser & Y. Hsiao leg. ( YHC) . TAICHUNG CITY: 1 ♀, Anmashan Cottage , 8.VI.2005, By Hand, Y.-L. Chen leg. ( NMNS: NMNS ENT 5017-93 View Materials ) . TAITUNG COUNTY: 2 ♀, Lichia-Lintao [=Lichia Forest Road], 26.III.2016, C. Hsu, C.-F. Hsu & P.-C. Chou leg. ( 1 in NHMUK, 1 in YHC) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Lijia-Rindao [=Lichia Forest Road], ca. 600 m, Beinan , 29.III.2018, T. Niisato leg. ( KURA) . TAOYUAN CITY: 1 ♀, Piyaway , 7.IV.1972, B.-S. Chang leg. ( NMNS: 1282- 26518) ; 1 ♀, Lalashan , 2.V.1981, S. Tsuyuki leg. ( KURA) ; 1 ♀, nr. Hsileng [=Sileng], 14.V.1983, M. Hasegawa leg. ( KURA) ; 1 ♀, Suling [=Sileng]— Chihtuan , 14.IV.1984, Y. Kusakabe leg. ( KURA) ; 1 ♂, Lalashan , 13–16.IV.1984, Y. Kusakabe leg. ( KURA) ; 1 ♂, Baling , 5.IV.1991, Y. Okushima leg. ( KURA) ; 1 ♂, Lalashan , 14.V.2009, C.-F. Lee leg. ( TARI) ; 1 ♂, Baehen [=North-Cross Island Highway], 9.IV.2014, L. Huang leg. ( YHC) ; 1 ♀, Shuewunao, Fushing , 26.IV.2015, L. Huang leg. ( YHC) . YILAN COUNTY: 1 ♀, Chiduan [=Chihtuan], 12.IV.1981, B.-S. Chang leg. ( NMNS: 1282-26218) ; 1 ♂, Fushan , 30.III.1995, Light Trap, Site: D, 2200, A. Warneke leg. ( TFRI: 00084382) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Fushan , 30.III.1995, Light Trap, Site: A, 2200, J.-J. Hsiao leg. ( TFRI: 00048588, 00084381) ; 1 ♀, Fushan , 30.III.1995, Light Trap, Site: C, 2200, W.-T. Jou leg. ( TFRI: 00084379) ; 1 ♂, Fushan , 31.III.1995, Light Trap, Site: C, 0000, W.-T. Jou leg. ( TFRI: 00084380) ; 1 ♂, Fushan , 21.III.1996, Light Trap, Site: A, 0200, A. Warneke leg. ( TFRI: 00114675) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Fushan , 3.IV.2003, Y.-B. Fan leg. ( TFRI: 00084379) ; 1 ♂, 2 ♀, Shiaojiaoxi, Jiaoxi , 4.III.2017, F.-S. Hu leg. ( 1 in NHMUK, 2 in YHC) ; 1 ♀, Dajiaoxi Plantation, Jiaoxi , 12.III.2018, Flight Interception Trap S.-P. Lin leg. ( YHC) ; 1 ♂, Yulan Industrial Road , 17.III.2018, S.-P. Lin leg. ( YHC) .

Diagnosis. This species is externally very similar to W. brunnea but differs from it as detailed in the diagnosis of W. brunnea above.

Supplementary description

Male. Aedeagus ( Fig. 5I–L View FIGURE 5 ). Oval; globular and swollen dorsally at base. Ventral process of each paramere clavate, slightly expanded apically, slightly bent inwards; dorsal plate of each paramere with one well-developed apical tooth from caudal view, slightly longer than ventral process, distinctly curved inwards, acute apically, forming a broad, oval middle emargination; laterophyses closely next to each other, distinctly bent dorsad, apically rounded, distinctly exceeding the middle emargination of dorsal plate. Inner sac ( Fig. 5M–N View FIGURE 5 ) weakly swollen apically, slightly shorter than tegmen, surface with a rounded dorsal process near the apex of dorsal plate and a tooth-like process near the apex of ventral process.

Female. Abdominal ventrite VII ( Fig. 7C View FIGURE 7 ) with lateral margins weakly arcuate, terminal margin obliquely truncate laterally, with submedian rounded lobe on each side, angularly emarginate medially, with an angular, apically rounded and weakly sclerotised membrane behind the middle emargination. Female genitalia ( Fig. 8C View FIGURE 8 ) with vagina elongate and rounded apically; diverticulum weakly spiralling, much longer than spermathecal duct; spermatheca with a weakly spiral and long tube, shorter than diverticulum; accessory gland very long, about 3.3 times as long as diverticulum.

Distribution and natural history. This species is widely recorded from the mountainous areas of Taiwan’s main island ( Fig. 9C View FIGURE 9 ), with occurrences ranging from late February to early June and mostly concentrated in April to early May ( Fig. 10 View FIGURE 10 ). Despite its broad distribution, most records are from central to northern Taiwan. It is sympatric with W. brunnea and W. taiwana .

Remarks. Wittmer (1983) noted the similarity between this taxon and Walteriella sanguinea sanguinea (Wittmer, 1951) from Fukien, China, and treated it as a subspecies of W. sanguinea sanguinea . The only diagnostic difference proposed by Wittmer (1983) was the less protuberant submedian rounded lobes on the terminal margin of the female abdominal ventrite VII ( Fig. 3C View FIGURE 3 ). However, our morphological study reveals variation in this character, with some specimens exhibiting distinctly protuberant submedian rounded lobes ( Fig. 7C View FIGURE 7 ). Further comparative analyses of the aedeagus and female genitalia are urgently needed to clarify the taxonomic status of this species.