Norbanus garouae (Risbec), 2015

Norbanus garouae (Risbec) View in CoL

( Figs 71–82 View FIGURES 71–76 View FIGURES 77–82 )

Bruchobius garouae Risbec, 1956: 235–236 View in CoL .

Norbanus garouae (Risbec) View in CoL comb. nov.

Diagnosis. BOTH SEXES. Head and mesosoma black, at most with faint bluish and golden reflections ( Figs 71– View FIGURES 71–76 View FIGURES 77–82

73, 76–80); hind tibia mainly brownish-black, only extremities yellowish ( Figs 71, 76 View FIGURES 71–76 , 77 View FIGURES 77–82 ). Head without distinct elevation between eye and posterior ocellus ( Figs 73 View FIGURES 71–76 , 79 View FIGURES 77–82 ). Eye height about 1.5–1.8× length of malar space; POL slightly longer than OOL. Temple about 0.2–0.3× as long as eye in dorsal view. Clypeal margin slightly emarginate ( Fig. 73 View FIGURES 71–76 ). Mesosoma moderately arched dorsally ( Figs 71, 76 View FIGURES 71–76 , 77 View FIGURES 77–82 ), length about 1.3–1.4× width, width about equal to height. Scutellum moderately convex, not globose ( Figs 71, 76 View FIGURES 71–76 , 77 View FIGURES 77–82 ). Propodeum inclined ( Figs 71, 76 View FIGURES 71–76 , 77 View FIGURES 77–82 ); spiracular sulci absent ( Fig. 72 View FIGURES 71–76 , cf. Fig. 11 View FIGURES 7–12 ). Fore wing length about 2.5× width; speculum very small, not extending beyond distal end of submarginal vein, although in small specimens pilosity tending to be less dense behind proximal part of marginal vein ( Fig. 75 View FIGURES 71–76 ).

FEMALE. Metasoma brown to black, usually basally paler on ventral surface ( Figs 71, 72 View FIGURES 71–76 ); flagellum except tip of clava reddish-brown to dark brown, in the first case with fu5–6 and clava darker ( Fig. 74 View FIGURES 71–76 ). Body length: 3.00– 5.75 mm. Antenna filiform, clava not wider than distal funicular segments, spicula short ( Fig. 74 View FIGURES 71–76 ); scape reaching or slightly exceeding level of vertex ( Fig. 73 View FIGURES 71–76 ); second anellus slightly transverse ( Fig. 74 View FIGURES 71–76 ). Fore wing disc densely pilose ( Fig. 75 View FIGURES 71–76 ). Metasoma slightly longer than head plus mesosoma, length about 2.1–2.4× width ( Figs 71, 72 View FIGURES 71–76 ). Posterior margin of gt1 slightly sinuous ( Fig. 72 View FIGURES 71–76 ).

MALE. Scape usually brown, exceeding level of vertex by slightly less than one quarter scape length ( Fig. 79 View FIGURES 77–82 ); each funicular segment mostly of uniform width, long and thin, uniformly covered by short dense setae; funicular segments separated from each other by very short tubular connections ( Figs 76 View FIGURES 71–76 , 77, 79, 81 View FIGURES 77–82 ); pedicel plus flagellum about 1.7–2.2× head width; proximal funicular segments usually not or only slightly widened distally ( Figs 76 View FIGURES 71–76 , 77, 79, 81 View FIGURES 77–82 ).

Material examined. (?) Syntype ♂ ( MNHN). (?) CAMEROON: “Museum Paris, remounted from slide 8, box 5 (Orstom), lab. M.-D. Mitroiu 2011 ”, “ Bruchobius garouae Risbec ♂ ” [on rectangular card, metasoma missing] .

Other material. D. R. CONGO: 1 ♀ “ Congo Belge, P. N.G., Miss H. De Saeger, II/fd/17, 14-xii-1951, Réc. H. De Saeger. 2910” ( MRAC) ; 2 ♀ “ Congo Belge, P. N.G., Miss H. De Saeger, II/gc/11, 13-xi-1951, Réc. H. De Saeger. 2757” ( MRAC) ; 1 ♀ and 7 ♂ “ Congo Belge, P. N.G., Miss. H. De Saeger, Pp. K/55/d/8, 19-xi-1951, Réc. H. De Saeger. 2768” ( MRAC) ; 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ “ Congo Belge, P. N.G., Miss. H. De Saeger, II/gc/8, 14-vii-1952, Réc. H. De Saeger. 3778” ( MRAC) ; 1 ♀ “ Congo Belge, P. N.G., Miss. H. De Saeger, II/gc/7, 14-viii-52, H. De Saeger. 3940” ( MRAC) ; 2 ♂ “ Congo Belge, P. N.G., Miss. H. De Saeger, II/gd/8, 12-vii-1951, Réc. H. De Saeger. 2061” ( MRAC) ; 1 ♂ “ Congo Belge, P. N.G., Miss. H. De Saeger, PpK.9/g/9, 10-ix-52, H. De Saeger. 4044” ( MRAC) ; 2 ♂ “ Congo Belge, P. N.G., Miss. H. De Saeger, Aka , 20-v-1952, H. De Saeger. 3485” ( MRAC) ; 1 ♂ “ Congo Belge, P. N.G., Miss. H. De Saeger , II/gd/10, 26-i-1952, J. Verschuren. 3069” ( MRAC) ; 1 ♂ “ Congo Belge, P. N.G., Miss H. De Saeger , II/id/8, 17-xi-1951, H. De Saeger. 2765” ( MRAC) ; 1 ♂ “ Congo Belge, P. N.G., Miss H. De Saeger, II/fd/ 10, 20-xii-1951, Réc. H. De Saeger. 2935” ( MRAC) ; 1 ♂ “ Congo Belge, P. N.G., Miss H. De Saeger, II/fd/15, 24-v- 1951, Réc. H. De Saeger. 1798” ( MRAC) ; 1 ♂ “ Congo Belge : P.N.A., 7–15-vii-1955, P. Vanschuytbroeck, 13274- 309” ( MRAC); 1 ♂ “ Congo Belge, P. N.G., Miss H. De Saeger, Mabanga 9’’’, 19-ii-1952, H. De Saeger. 3134” ( MRAC); 1 ♂ “ Congo Belge, P. N.G., Miss H. De Saeger, Napukumweli, 26-viii-1950, Réc. G. Demoulin. 789” ( MRAC); 1 ♂ “ Congo Belge: P.N.A., Katanda, 950m . 30-xi-1934, G. F. de Witte: 858” ( MRAC) ; 1 ♂ “ Congo Belge, P. N.G., Miss. H. De Saeger , II/fd/12, 10-iii-1952, H. De Saeger. 3178” ( MRAC) ; 1 ♂ “ Congo Belge, P. N.G., Miss H. De Saeger, II/gd/11, 24-vi-1952, H. De Saeger. 3701” ( MRAC); 1 ♂ “ Congo belge: Kivu, 1285m. 29 au 31-v-1935, G. F. de Witte: 1395” ( MRAC); 2 ♂ “ Congo belge: Kivu Rutshuru, 1285 m. 29/ 31-v-1935, G. F. de Witte: 1396” ( MRAC); 1 ♂ “ Congo belge: P.N.A., Rutshuru, 1285m. 18 au 23.vi.1934, G. F. de Witte: 448” ( MRAC) . GHANA: 1 ♀ “ Ghana East. R. Keta”, “ex Cynodon dact., 1.1.67, no 189, leg. Endrody-Younga ” ( BMNH) . IVORY COAST: 1 ♀ “IVORY COAST, 3 km S Katiola , 26-12-1980, gall. forest, malaise trap, J.W. Everts c.s. / Kafu3” ( RMNH) ; 1 ♀ “IVORY COAST, 3 km S Katiola , 11-1-1981, gall. forest, malaise trap, J.W. Everts c.s. / KaFU4” ( RMNH) ; 5 ♀ “IVORY COAST, 3 km S Katiola , 23-1-1981, gall. forest, malaise trap, J.W. Everts c.s. / KaFU4” ( RMNH) ; 2 ♀ “IVORY COAST, 3 km S Katiola , 13-2-1981, gall. forest, malaise trap, J.W. Everts c.s. / Kafu1” ( RMNH) ; 1 ♀ “IVORY COAST, 8 km NW Bouaflé , 7-1-1981, malaise trap, J.W. Everts c.s. / CM1” ( RMNH) ; 1 ♀ “ Côte d’Ivoire, Adiopodoumé, 19.II.1990, P. Albers ” ( RMNH); 1 ♀ “ Côte d’Ivoire , 30–35 km. N. de Korghogo, 30.I.1980 malaise, leg. J.W. Everts e.a.” ( RMNH); 1 ♀ “ Côte d’Ivoire, 30–35 km. N. de Korghogo, 31.I.1980 malaise, leg. J.W. Everts e.a.” ( RMNH); 3 ♀ “ Côte d’Ivoire, Katiola-Forêt, 4.I.1981 malaise, J.W. Everts c.s.” ( RMNH); 2 ♀ and 12 ♂ “IVORY COAST: Lamto Ecol. Res. Stn, 6°13’N 5°02’W, 10–30.xi.1988, JS Noyes ” ( BMNH); 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ “IVORY COAST: Lamto Ecol. Res. Stn, 6°13’N 5°02’W, 10–30.xi.1988, JS Noyes ” ( MICO) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♀ “COTE D’IVOIRE, LAMTO, 14.9.65”, Bio[?], 14.9.65”, “ Y. Gillon ” ( MNHN) ; 2 ♂ “IVORY COAST Logbonou 20 km E Katiola, 26-12-1980, savanna, malaise trap, J.W. Everts c.s. / KaS2” ( RMNH) ; 4 ♂ “IVORY COAST Logbonou 20 km E Katiola, 4-I-1981, savanna, malaise trap, J.W. Everts c.s. / KaS5” ( RMNH) ; 6 ♂ “IVORY COAST Logbonou 20 km E Katiola, 21-12-1980, savanna, malaise trap, J.W. Everts c.s. / KaS2” ( RMNH) ; 1 ♂ “IVORY COAST, 3 km S Katiola , 13-2-1981, gall. forest, malaise trap, J.W. Everts c.s. / Kafu1” ( RMNH) ; 2 ♂ “IVORY COAST, 3 km S Katiola , 10-4-1981, gall. forest, malaise trap, J.W. Everts c.s. / Kafu4” ( RMNH) ; 1 ♂ “IVORY COAST, 3 km S Katiola , 23-I-1981, gall. forest, malaise trap, J.W. Everts c.s. / Kafu4” ( RMNH) ; 1 ♂ “IVORY COAST, Congo Aboisso , 5 km E Bouaflé, malaise-trap, J.W. Everts c.s. / BM2” ( RMNH) ; 1 ♂ “IVORY COAST Ranch Marahoué , 60 km NW Mankono, 12-12-1980, savanna, malaise-trap, J.W. Everts c.s. / M4S” ( RMNH) ; 3 ♂ “ Côte d’Ivoire, Katiola-Savanne, 4.I.1981 malaise, leg. J.W. Everts c.s.” ( RMNH); 1 ♂ “ Côte d’Ivoire , Katiola-Savanne , 11.I.1981 malaise, leg. J.W. Everts c.s.” ( RMNH); 1 ♂ “ Côte d’Ivoire , 30–35 km. N. de Korghogo , 30.I.1980 malaise, leg. J.W. Everts e.a.” ( RMNH) ; 1 ♂ “MUSEUM PARIS, LAMTO ( Côte d’Ivoire ), IX. 1970, Leg. D. LACHAISE”, “Savane claire à Loudetia, (matin) ds. mare temporaire asséchée” ( MNHN) . MADAGASCAR: 1 ♀ “ Madagascar: Tuléar, Bereboka , 65 km N.E. Morondava, May 1983, J.S. Noyes, M.C. Day ” ( BMNH) . NAMIBIA: 1 ♀ “S.W. Africa. Aus. Jan 1930.”, “ R.E. Turner. Brit. Mus. 1930-117” ( BMNH) . SOUTH AFRICA: 1 ♀ “SOUTH AFRICA, Lake Kosi, Ntl. i. 1978, G.L. Prinsloo ”, “NATIONAL COLL OF INSECTS ( SANC), Pretoria, South Africa ” ( SANC) ; 1 ♂ “SOUTH AFRICA: Transvaal, Graskop , 1500m, 11–19.XII.1985, W.R.M. Mason, MT”, “ Norbanus det. R.A. Burks 2004” ( CNC) . TANZANIA: 1 ♀ “ Tanzania-Kilombero distr. Namawaie , 26-XII-1990, leg. J.D. Charlwood ” ( RMNH). TOGO: 1 ♀ “ Toko, 25 à 50 km N. of Sokodé Bouzalo, river valley, malaise trap, 5-6-1984, leg. P.E.T. Douben ” ( RMNH); 1 ♂ “ Togo , 25 à 50 km N. of Sokodé Samboa-boa river valley, malaise trap, 14-8-1984, leg. P.E.T. Douben ” ( RMNH) . ZIMBABWE: 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ “ZIMBABWE Rekomitjie Res. Stat. malaise 16 10’ s. 29 25’ e. alt. 500– 600 m.”, “ C.A. Groenendijk, 13/5–26/5 1992” ( RMNH) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♀ “RHODESIA, Salisbury, A. Watsham / WF.150, iv.75” ( BMNH) ; 1 ♀ “RHODESIA, Salisbury, A. Watsham / WF.162, (vi)75” ( BMNH) ; 1 ♀ “RHODESIA, Chimanimani Mts , A. Watsham, ix.75” ( BMNH) ; 1 ♀, “ Rhodesia , Salisbury, A. Watsham / WF.134, (iii) 75”, “Picrocytoides” ( BMNH) ; 1 ♂ “RHODESIA, Salisbury, ii.1978, A. Watsham ” ( BMNH); 1 ♂ “ZIMBABWE, Chishawasha , March 1980, Watsham, Y.P.T. ” ( BMNH) ; 1 ♂ “RHODESIA, Salisbury, A. Watsham / WF.148, iv.75”, “R609” ( BMNH) ; 1 ♂ “RHODESIA, Salisbury, A. Watsham / WFU42, (v)74” ( BMNH) .

Redescription. FEMALE. Colour. Head and mesosoma black, usually with slight bluish or golden metallic reflections ( Figs 71–73 View FIGURES 71–76 ). Metasoma brown to black, usually basally paler on ventral surface ( Figs 71, 72 View FIGURES 71–76 ). Body pilosity short whitish ( Fig. 73 View FIGURES 71–76 ). Eyes dark brown, ocelli light brown ( Fig. 73 View FIGURES 71–76 ). Mandibles light brown, teeth reddish-brown ( Fig. 73 View FIGURES 71–76 ). Antenna ( Fig. 74 View FIGURES 71–76 ) with scape brown with whitish base; pedicel brown; flagellum except lighter tip of clava reddish-brown to dark brown, in the first case with fu5–6 and clava darker than rest of funicular segments. Wings hyaline, tegulae, venation and pilosity brown ( Fig. 75 View FIGURES 71–76 ). Legs ( Fig. 71, 72 View FIGURES 71–76 ) with coxae as mesosoma; trochanters and femora brown; fore tibia brown with pale yellow knee and a narrow barely distinct light brown strip on kickface; mid and hind tibiae brown with yellow extremities; fore tarsi light brown, mid and hind tarsi yellow, last segment light brown; arolia and claws dark brown.

Body length. 3.00– 5.75 mm.

Head without distinct elevation between eye and posterior ocellus, reticulate except lower face extensively and finely striated, striation not reaching toruli ( Figs 73 View FIGURES 71–76 , 79 View FIGURES 77–82 ). Head width about 1.8–1.9× length and about 1.2× height. Clypeal margin shallowly emarginate ( Fig. 73 View FIGURES 71–76 ). Eye ovate, anterior and posterior margins not sinuous, height about 1.3–1.4× length ( Fig. 71 View FIGURES 71–76 ). Gena with a weak lamina near mouth corner. Malar space about 0.6× eye height. POL about 1.1–1.3× as long as OOL. Temple about 0.3× eye length in dorsal view. Scrobes from very well defined, clearly visible in dorsal view of the head in large specimens (cf. Fig. 79, 80 View FIGURES 77–82 ), to mostly shallow in smaller specimens. Toruli with lower margins slightly above lower margins of eyes ( Fig. 73 View FIGURES 71–76 ). Antenna ( Fig. 74 View FIGURES 71–76 ) with scape reaching to or slightly exceeding level of vertex ( Fig. 73 View FIGURES 71–76 ), length about 0.8× eye height; pedicel length about twice width; length of pedicel plus flagellum about 1.1× head width; both anelli transverse, the second from slightly to clearly longer than the first; funicular segments longer than wide; fu1 length about 3.1–3.7× width; fu6 length about 1.5–1.8× width; clava not wider than fu6, length about 2.7–3.0× width, gradually narrowing before spicula, sutures hardly visible, oblique; spicula short, barely distinct; micropilosity area occupying almost half length of claval body.

Mesosoma dorsally coarsely reticulate ( Fig. 72 View FIGURES 71–76 ), length about 1.3–1.4× width, and width about equal to height. Mesoscutum width slightly less than twice length ( Fig. 72 View FIGURES 71–76 ). Notauli hardly visible, traceable to about middle of mesoscutum ( Fig. 72 View FIGURES 71–76 ). Scutellum moderately convex ( Fig. 71 View FIGURES 71–76 ), width about 1.2× length, frenal line absent, but frenal area with finer reticulation than rest of scutellum. Upper mesepimeron smooth (cf. Fig. 77 View FIGURES 77–82 ). Metapleuron and dorsellum uniformly reticulate. Propodeum inclined ( Fig. 71 View FIGURES 71–76 ), length about 0.6× scutellum length, uniformly reticulate except two small depressions near its anterior margin submedially; spiracles oval, spiracular sulci absent ( Fig. 72 View FIGURES 71–76 , cf. Fig. 11 View FIGURES 7–12 ). Fore wing ( Fig. 75 View FIGURES 71–76 ) length about 2.5× width; basal cell and basal fold glabrous; costal cell with several rows of pilosity on ventral surface; speculum very small, not extending beyond distal end of submarginal vein; disc covered with short and dense pilosity, area between stigmal vein and postmarginal vein pilose; marginal vein about 1.7–2.4× as long as stigmal vein; postmarginal vein slightly shorter than marginal vein; stigma hardly capitate; wing pilosity including marginal fringe short.

Metasoma acuminate, length about 2.1–2.4× width, slightly longer than head plus mesosoma ( Figs 71, 72 View FIGURES 71–76 ), dorsally mostly reticulate-imbricate (alveolae wider than long) except for gt1 which is mainly smooth (cf. Fig. 19 View FIGURES 19–22 ). Posterior margin of gt1 slightly sinuous ( Fig. 72 View FIGURES 71–76 ). Gt1 length about 0.2× metasoma length; gt7 about as long as wide. Ovipositor sheaths short, not visible in dorsal view ( Fig. 72 View FIGURES 71–76 ).

MALE. Differs from the female holotype mainly as follows. Body length: 2–5 mm. Metasoma extensively whitish-yellow in the proximal half (rarely) to 2/3–3/4 on both dorsal and ventral surfaces, except extreme base of gt1, which is brownish; distal part brown (cf. Figs 121, 122 View FIGURES 121–124 ). Flagellum brown to brownish-black, contrasting with the lighter scape and pedicel ( Figs 76 View FIGURES 71–76 , 81 View FIGURES 77–82 ). Toruli much closer to median ocellus than to clypeal margin ( Figs 76 View FIGURES 71–76 , 77 View FIGURES 77–82 ). Scape exceeding level of vertex by slightly less than one quarter scape length ( Fig. 79 View FIGURES 77–82 ); all funicular segment longer and thinner, not conspicuously widened proximally and distally, uniformly covered by short dense setae, and separated from each other by very short tubular connections ( Figs 76 View FIGURES 71–76 , 77, 79, 81 View FIGURES 77–82 ); pedicel plus flagellum about 1.7–2.2× head width (flagellum usually tends to be longer in smaller specimens than in larger ones); proximal funicular segments in large specimens usually slightly conical; fu1 length about 4.3–5.6× width; clava not defined, distance between segments not shorter than distance between funicular segments ( Fig. 81 View FIGURES 77–82 ). Metasoma length about 1.8–2.1× width (occasionally more when distorted), narrower and usually shorter than mesosoma ( Fig. 76 View FIGURES 71–76 ).

Comments. Risbec’s description of Bruchobius garouae suggested that this species may belong to Norbanus . The type specimens were searched for in MNHN, without success. However, a male specimen mounted under a slide in the ORSTOM collection and labeled “ Bruchobius garouae ” in Risbec’s handwriting was found. The specimen, probably one of the syntypes, was remounted on a rectangular card to allow better examination ( Figs 77–82 View FIGURES 77–82 ). Both the original description and the characters of the male specimen (which agrees with the description) proved without any doubt that the species belongs to Norbanus . Both sexes of N. garouae are very similar to those of N. kitegaensis (Risbec) , from which they can be differentiated using the characters given in the key. However, I hesitate to synonymize the two species, at least until a female from the original type material of N. garouae is examined.

Distribution. Cameroon ( Risbec, 1956); D. R. Congo, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Madagascar, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, Togo, Zimbabwe (new records) (Map 5).

Hosts. Several specimens have been reared from a single larva of Adelpherupa sp. ( Lepidoptera : Crambidae ) on rice ( Risbec, 1956). One female from the examined material has been reared from Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. ( Poaceae ), also known to be attacked by several species of Crambidae .